Pregnant mares require a specific vaccination schedule to ensure their health and the health of their foals. The recommended vaccination schedule for pregnant mares includes vaccines for equine influenza, tetanus, and equine herpesvirus (EHV-1), among others, administered at specific times during gestation.
Why is Vaccination Important for Pregnant Mares?
Vaccinating pregnant mares is crucial for protecting both the mare and her unborn foal from infectious diseases. Vaccines help build the mare’s immunity, which is then passed on to the foal through colostrum, providing essential protection in the early weeks of life.
What Vaccines Are Recommended for Pregnant Mares?
Core Vaccines for Pregnant Mares
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Tetanus: Tetanus is a potentially fatal disease caused by a bacterial toxin. Pregnant mares should receive a tetanus booster 4-6 weeks before foaling to ensure adequate antibody levels in the colostrum.
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Equine Influenza: This highly contagious respiratory disease can affect both mares and foals. Vaccination is recommended 4-6 weeks before foaling to protect the newborn.
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Equine Herpesvirus (EHV-1): EHV-1 can cause abortion in pregnant mares. Vaccination is typically administered at the 5th, 7th, and 9th months of gestation.
Additional Vaccines
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West Nile Virus: This mosquito-borne virus can cause neurological disease. Vaccination is recommended before the mosquito season and boosted 4-6 weeks before foaling.
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Rabies: While less common, rabies is fatal. Vaccination should be given annually, with a booster 4-6 weeks before foaling if needed.
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Strangles: This bacterial infection can cause fever and abscesses. Vaccination may be recommended based on risk assessment.
When Should Pregnant Mares Be Vaccinated?
Timing of vaccination is crucial to maximize immunity transfer to the foal. Here’s a typical schedule:
| Vaccine | Timing Before Foaling |
|---|---|
| Tetanus | 4-6 weeks |
| Equine Influenza | 4-6 weeks |
| EHV-1 | 5th, 7th, 9th months |
| West Nile Virus | 4-6 weeks |
| Rabies | 4-6 weeks (if needed) |
What Are the Benefits of Following the Vaccination Schedule?
Following a vaccination schedule ensures:
- Protection Against Disease: Reduces the risk of disease for both the mare and foal.
- Enhanced Foal Immunity: Ensures the foal receives high levels of antibodies through colostrum.
- Peace of Mind: Provides reassurance that the mare and foal are protected against common equine diseases.
Practical Tips for Vaccinating Pregnant Mares
- Consult a Veterinarian: Always work with a veterinarian to develop a tailored vaccination plan.
- Monitor for Reactions: Observe the mare for any adverse reactions post-vaccination.
- Record Keeping: Maintain accurate records of vaccination dates and types.
People Also Ask
What Should I Do If My Mare Misses a Vaccine?
If a mare misses a vaccine, consult your veterinarian immediately. They can advise on the best course of action to ensure continued protection for both the mare and foal.
How Can I Ensure My Foal Receives Adequate Immunity?
Ensuring the mare is vaccinated according to schedule is key. Additionally, ensure that the foal receives colostrum within the first 12-24 hours of life for optimal passive immunity transfer.
Are There Any Risks Associated with Vaccinating Pregnant Mares?
Vaccinating pregnant mares is generally safe. However, there is a minimal risk of adverse reactions. Always discuss any concerns with your veterinarian before vaccination.
Can I Use the Same Vaccines for All Mares?
While core vaccines are generally recommended for all mares, individual risk factors may necessitate additional vaccines. Consult your veterinarian to tailor the vaccination schedule to each mare’s needs.
How Do Vaccines Affect the Mare’s Health?
Vaccines stimulate the mare’s immune system to build protection against specific diseases. This process is typically safe and beneficial, enhancing the overall health of the mare and foal.
Conclusion
Ensuring your pregnant mare follows a recommended vaccination schedule is essential for the health and safety of both the mare and her foal. By working closely with a veterinarian, you can tailor a vaccination plan that meets the specific needs of your mare, providing peace of mind and optimal protection. For further information on equine health, consider exploring topics such as foal nutrition and colostrum management.