Founder in horses, also known as laminitis, involves inflammation and damage to the laminae within the hoof, which connect the hoof wall to the coffin bone. This condition causes severe pain and lameness and, if the laminae separate, can lead to the coffin bone sinking or rotating within the hoof.
What Are the Early Signs of Founder in Horses?
Recognizing the early signs of founder is crucial for prompt treatment and to minimize long-term damage. Symptoms can vary in intensity but commonly include:
- Increased digital pulse: A bounding digital pulse in the lower leg is often one of the first indicators.
- Heat in the hooves: The hooves, particularly at the coronary band, may feel warm to the touch.
- Pain and lameness: Horses may show signs of pain when walking, exhibit a reluctance to move, or display a shortened stride.
- Shifting weight: Horses often shift their weight between their front feet to alleviate pressure.
- "Sawhorse stance": The horse stands with its front feet stretched out in front and hind feet positioned further back to reduce weight on the front feet.
How Does Founder Progress?
If left unaddressed, founder can progress through several stages:
- Acute phase: Initial inflammation and pain occur.
- Subacute phase: If the acute phase is not managed, the condition can progress to a subacute phase, where lamellar damage continues.
- Chronic phase: This stage involves permanent damage, such as rotation or sinking of the coffin bone.
What Factors Contribute to Founder?
Several factors can contribute to the development of founder in horses:
- Dietary issues: Overconsumption of carbohydrates, obesity, or abrupt changes in diet can trigger laminitis.
- Obesity: Excess weight can exacerbate the condition.
- Underlying diseases: Inflammatory conditions can increase the risk of founder.
How Can Founder Be Prevented?
Preventing founder involves managing risk factors and maintaining overall horse health:
- Balanced diet: Provide a diet that is appropriate for the horse’s age, weight, and activity level, avoiding excessive carbohydrates.
- Weight management: Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the hooves.
- Regular exercise: Promote good circulation and overall fitness.
- Routine hoof care: Regular trimming and shoeing can help maintain proper hoof balance and support.
What Treatments Are Available for Founder?
Treatment for founder aims to reduce inflammation, alleviate pain, and stabilize the hoof:
- Anti-inflammatory medications: Medications such as NSAIDs can help reduce inflammation and pain.
- Hoof support: Therapeutic shoeing or hoof boots can provide support and redistribute weight.
- Dietary management: Adjusting the diet to reduce carbohydrate intake and manage weight is essential.
- Rest: Limiting exercise and providing a soft surface can help reduce stress on the hooves.
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