The best feeds for horses in cold climates should be high in fiber to aid in heat production through digestion. Good-quality hay, grains like oats and corn, and commercial feed mixes can help horses maintain their weight and energy levels during winter. It is important to ensure that horses have access to fresh, unfrozen water and supplement their diet with vitamins and minerals as needed.
What are the nutritional needs of horses in cold weather?
In cold weather, horses require more calories to maintain their body temperature. Fiber is crucial because its digestion generates heat, helping horses stay warm. Protein and vitamin A supplementation may be required when pasture forage is low in water and protein during late fall and winter.
What types of hay are best for horses in the winter?
High-quality legume hays, like early bloom alfalfa, are excellent for horses, especially those that are growing or lactating. Grass hays such as timothy, prairie grass, orchard grass, and bluegrass are also good options, but they are lower in digestible energy and protein and must be adequately supplemented.
Should grains be part of a horse’s winter diet?
Yes, grains can be beneficial. Oats are a preferred grain for horses because of their bulk, but corn (maize), barley, wheat, and milo can also be used, especially if they are more cost-effective. Grains provide an energy source that can be particularly useful for horses performing medium to heavy work.
Are there any specific supplements that are beneficial for horses in cold climates?
During the winter, horses may benefit from vitamin and mineral supplements to ensure they receive a balanced diet. A trace-mineralized salt will supply adequate nutrients to maintain an adult horse at light work or mares during pregnancy. Commercial feed mixes are available that contain minerals, vitamins, and other nutrients designed to provide a balanced diet when supplemented with hay.
How does water intake affect a horse’s health in the winter?
Access to fresh, unfrozen water is extremely important for horses in the winter. Horses that do not drink enough water are at a higher risk of impaction colic. Providing water at a slightly warmer temperature can encourage horses to drink more, which aids in digestion and overall health.
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